Activity 3.1 - Human Population

World

Death per 1000- 8

Infant mortality- 31

Population growth rate- 1

Life expectancy- (male): 71 (female): 75

Fertility rate- 3.2

Gross national income (GNI)- 17,535

Less developed: Sudan

Population (millions)- 44.9

Death per 1000- 7

Infant mortality- 40

Population growth rate- 2.4%

Net immigration rate- -1%

Life expectancy- (males): 64 (female): 68

Fertility rate-4.3

Gross national income (GNI)- 3,970

More developed: Lithuania

Population (millions)- 2.8

Death per 1000- 16

Infant mortality- 2.8

Population growth rate- -0.7%

Net immigration rate- 7%

Life expectancy- (male): 72 (female): 81

Fertility rate- 2.8

Gross national income (GNI)- 37,420

Compared to the World:

Sudan is among one of the less developed countries of the world known as one of most corrupt countries, ranking 173 out of 180 countries. Sudan has a population and population density of 44.9 million with a population growth of 2.4% per year. Within Sudan the sex ratio of men to women is 99:100, and of the age structure diagram shows that of the population 40% is less than 15 years old and only 4% of the population is above the age of 65, and in Sudan the life expectancy for a male is 64 and hte females life expectancy is 68 compared to the worlds average of 71 for males and 75 for females. However, in Sudan their infant mortality rate is 40 deaths per 1000 babies born making Sudan 8th highest in infant mortality rate compared to the world average of 31 children. The exponential growth of Sudan has increased over the past 60 years with a growth of 481.2%, but as time has gone by the growth of the population started shrinking, starting from 3.85% in 1960 down to 2.4%. The growth line on their population graph is about to reach its carrying capacity which is the maximum population based on resources and its materials. Because of that carrying capacity, the exponential growth graph becomes a logistics growth graph as the population cannot grow forever. In Sudan the fertility rate is 4.3 children per woman which is almost twice the amount globally being 2.5 children. In Sudan their gross national income (GBI) is 3,970 which is a 13,565 decrease from the average of the world.

Lithuania is amongst one of the more developed countries of the world. Lithuania, even though small with a population of 2.8 million people, its demography is developed and also has a high income with an advanced economy with a GNI of 37,420 making there GNI 19,885 more than the global average. Because Lithuania is a more developed country their fertility rate is about 2.3 which is just under the average of 2.5 globally. In Lithuania the female population has a big increase in life expectancy from a 75 average globally to 81 years old in Lithuania, and for men the average is just one year higher sitting at 72 years old. The population growth of Lithuania is actually -.7 which makes their exponential growth turn down rather than the country hitting its carrying capacity and flattening curve. The reason for this is because there are more deaths than babies being born, and people emigrating to other countries. The infant mortality rate of Lithuania is 2.8 which is drastically lower than the world average by 28 which makes sense because the population is decreasing and not as many babies are being born or not enough to grow the population and has 16 deaths per thousand people.

Lithuania & Sudan

Sudan compared to Lithuania in size is about 29 times bigger, and even with a greater population lithuania demography is more developed with a GNI of almost 10 times greater than that of sudan. With the population of Sudan still growing by 2.4%, and Lithuania is actually losing more of its population than its gaining with a -.7%. Lithuania as well compared to Sudan has less births within the ages of 15-19 with lituania being 2% of women and Sudan being 9%. The average life expectancy in Sudan ranges in the mid and upper 60’s for men and women while for Lithuania the life expectancy is in the lower 70’s for men and the lower 80’s for women.

Resources

Population Reference Bureau. (2021). 2021 world population data sheet. 2021-World-Pop Data-Sheet.pdf

U.S. Census Bureau. (2018). International database. International Programs. https://www.census.gov/data-tools/demo/idb/informationGateway.php